- Round log
- Cubic meter of wood
- Calculation formula
- Consider how to calculate the cubic capacity of a log.
- Otherwise, this volume calculation method will give us an incorrect result.
- With a bar or boards, everything is much simpler.
- Calculation by cubic
- Calculation by the formula
When building a house from a rounded log, you need to correctly calculate the amount of materials needed
Building a house from a round-shaped or, as it is often called, profiled log, has always attracted much attention. After all, in addition to the aesthetic design, such living spaces carry naturalness, naturalness and solidity. That is why many future homeowners give their preference to this material, thereby leaving without proper attention the profiled bar or log houses manual chopping . But when planning future construction, many do not know how to calculate the volume of the log and how much material it is necessary to purchase for their home. Let's try today to understand this issue and solve the main problem of all novice builders.
Round log
The process of manufacturing a rounded log takes a lot of time, because to get the correct cylindrical shape, workers sawmills use special machines, which remove the outer layer of wood (sapwood or podkorye), leaving only the core - the most durable part of the trunk. This is what distinguishes the profiled log from the timber. And if you consider that in the process of processing using high-precision equipment, then you will never find a cone-shaped log, as often happens during manual chopping.
Another advantage that has a rounded log, is the degree of shrinkage.
If on average the house shrinks for 3-4 years and during this time the tree can lose from 7 to 10% in height, then the profiled log can shrink by no more than 3-5% over the same period.
Thanks to such data, the rounded log has always had an advantage over its competitors, which is why many prefer construction wooden house from this material. But still, how to calculate the cubic capacity of a rounded log is the main task that we set for ourselves today.
Cubic meter of wood
Before you start calculating the cubic capacity of a log, you need to clarify for yourself what a cubic meter of wood is.
Indeed, many people often do not even suspect that the released building material, in particular, a rounded log, is calculated in cubic meters.
So, a cubic meter is a unit of volume, having a length of edges of one meter. Simply put, the length, width and height of any material (concrete, wood, water) is one meter. This volume is called the cubic meter of building material. In our case, when erected wooden house from the profiled log, we will only talk about the cubic meter of the rounded log.
Calculation formula
For the construction of the house you can buy logs of different diameters
Rounded logs are different in diameter. In each case, the owner of the future wooden house can purchase both thin logs with a diameter of 150-180 mm and thick ones - 300-350 mm. Which material to give preference depends on the region of residence. If the air temperature in the winter in the southern regions of the country does not fall below -20 ° C, then thin profiled logs will fit for construction. In other cases, when the temperature can drop below -40 ° C, it is necessary to purchase thicker materials that will help to keep the heat in the house. Depending on the diameter and length of the log, the value of a cubic meter will also change. How to calculate the log volume in this case?
To the aid of the builders can come the State Standard for # 2728-75, which regulates the volumes of round timber, depending on the length and diameter of the upper end. Using this standard, where the tables of round timber are given, it is possible to easily calculate the volume of the logs needed for construction. In cases where this document is not available, you can use the following calculation formula:
∏ * R² * H,
where ∏ (Pi) expresses the ratio of the circumference of a circle to the length of a diameter, R is the radius of the log, and H is the length of the log. Substituting the length (6 meters) and diameter (200 mm) of the log under the formula, we get the following result:
3.14 * 0.1² * 3 = 0.188 m³.
In other words, the formula can be expressed in such a way that in one rounded log there is 0.188 cubic meters of building material. Thanks to this formula, you can easily calculate the cubic capacity of a log, namely: 1 cu. meter / 0.188 = 5.3 logs. This is not a tricky way you can easily calculate how much profiled logs are necessary for the construction of a wooden house.
Measuring the amount of timber and lumber produced volume measures, in our case in cubic meters. In general, the calculation is carried out according to standard geometric formulas, but may have some nuances.
Consider how to calculate the cubic capacity of a log.
From a geometric point of view, the log is a cylinder. Accordingly, the volume of a single log is calculated using the formula for the volume of a cylinder, that is: the number Pi is multiplied by the square of the radius and length. The number Pi is known to us (3.1415 - for those who have forgotten), the radius is determined by measuring the diameter and dividing by 2, while the length is obtained by direct measurement. All measured values are taken in meters.
To calculate the total volume of logs, it is necessary to multiply the obtained volume value for one log by their total number. As you can see, there is nothing particularly difficult here, if not a couple of “but”:
- The logs should be more or less close to the ideal cylinder;
- They should have approximately the same radius;
- They must be the same length;
Otherwise, this volume calculation method will give us an incorrect result.
That is why, inspecting the purchased logs, pay attention to their correspondence to each other in diameter and length.
This technique is often used to measure the volume of sorted timber, as well as rounded logs. The latter have been processed by the factory and have the same radius and length parameters, which makes the calculation of the volume fairly accurate.
The approximate amount of unsorted logs will be easier to calculate “by eye” by calculating the volume of a regular cube. The logs are stacked in a pile, in which the length, height and width are measured. Multiplying these figures, you get the volume of the stack. Adjust for voids between logs and the difference of logs in diameter and length (also “by eye”), and you will get an approximate total volume of logs.
With a bar or boards, everything is much simpler.
Their volume is calculated by the above method, only, in this case, the results of calculations will more accurately correspond to reality. The reason is that both the plank and the timber fit snugly together in a stack and have the same length. Thus, a stack of a factory bar is a regular cube, and this greatly simplifies the calculation of its volume.
In addition, to calculate the cubic capacity of a log, you can use special tables called cubic tables. Your task is to measure the diameter and length of the log, after which you need to look at the table for the relevant indicators. However, to get the total volume, you will need to measure each log in a stack and sum up the individual values. On the other hand, it will give an accurate result.
When harvesting is done round wood first of all try to accurately calculate its cubic capacity.
The measurement is made in the upper cut, where the diameter will be somewhat smaller. When measuring trunks with a section other than round, they try to measure along the narrowest section, passing through the center of the annual rings of wood.
This technique is used because it allows us to estimate the most accurately how much of one log will be cut sawn timber, which have the greatest value in woodworking. Obviously, the cut will do them, based on the diameter of the upper cut.
For the same reason, the trunk section of the trunk, where the difference between the larger and smaller diameters of the cut is large, is preferred to be discarded and not used in the workpiece. All the same, take on the sawmill will be wood for the upper cut.
When determining the length measurements are made with an accuracy of 10 cm, while the length is rounded down. This accuracy is due to the fact that when felling logs, usually two files are made - one is higher and the other is lower. First, make the bottom, then the top - on the other side. falls in that direction where his top bends. The saws make the bottom one on the side where the barrel should fall.
In this case, the upper propyl is made on the other hand, standing in the direction opposite to the most likely fall. During the subsequent sawing, the whip is usually sawed with a saw into one cut, but often the cut error is allowed - it can go a bit obliquely, because of this, such a large error.
Calculation by cubic
In accordance with it, it is possible to determine the volume of each log by making measurements and selecting a value according to the table. In the table, the diameter of the trunk goes with a step of 1-2 cm, and the length of the step is 10 cm. Of course, it’s not very convenient to use the whole table of the cubicle.
This table shows the data for the most common top cut diameters and lengths. It is usually required to count the volume for logs up to 6 meters long. It is the logs of such length that fit into most standard bodies of ordinary, not specialized as logging trucks or logging trailers to the tractors, it is in the size up to 6 meters that the logs are being unpacked.
Naturally, when a forest is handed over to a sawmill, we are not talking about any "approximate" calculations, and it is necessary to apply full GOST in the final calculation - after all, these are sawmills and money of foresters who love accurate counting.
Calculation by the formula
V = πd²l / 4, where d is the diameter of the trunk in the upper cut, l is the length of the log, π = 3.14 - for our calculations the greater accuracy of this constant is not needed.
This is convenient when there is no GOST at hand, but there is only. With large amounts of work, even from three or four cars, it will take a lot of time to calculate this way, moreover, this technique is not standardized and is not an argument in financial disputes.
How to calculate the log volume in this case?