- Abutilon - description Abutilon (lat. Abutilon) - “giving a shade” or indoor maple is so named for...
- Abutilon - photo
- Temperature
- Watering Abutilona
- Feeding Abutilona
- Abutilona trimming
- Abutilona Transplant
- Seed Abutilon
- Reproduction abutilona cuttings
- Diseases and pests of abutilona
- Types of Abutilona
- Abutilon hybrid / Abutilon hybridum
- Abutilon Darwin / Abutilon darwinii (hildenbrandii)
- Abutilon megapotama (Amazonian) / Abutilon megapotmicum
- Abutilon spotted (painted) / Abutilon pictum (striatum)
- Abutilon Sello / Abutilon sellowianum
- Abutilon Marmoratum
- Abutilon variegata
Abutilon - description
Abutilon (lat. Abutilon) - “giving a shade” or indoor maple is so named for the similarity of its leaves with maple leaves. It is also called the “cable car” because in India, the fiber of abutilons is used to make b/stati/en/urlap and ropes. Abutilon Mill (genus abutilon) has about 100 species of shrubs of the family Malvaceae in the tropical and subtropical zones of the Earth.
The shrub is abundantly branching, large 3-5 lobed leaves up to 10 cm in length with their graceful cuts really look like maple leaves, bell-shaped flowers are sometimes solitary, and sometimes they are collected in several.
There are forms for the garden, as well as varieties with variegated leaves, with flowers of red or yellow color, with many stamens. Hybrid forms bloom longer, have a wider palette of colors and a variety of shapes of flowers and leaves. Abutilon is used most often for large rooms and winter gardens. If desired, you can pick up different types of shrubs so as to achieve constant flowering all year round. It is interesting to experiment with abutilon: it is possible to inoculate variegated forms to species with green leaves.
Planting and care for abutilon (in brief)
- Blossoming: from April to November.
- Lighting: bright light or light partial shade.
- Temperature: during the growing season - about 25 ºC, in winter - 12-15 ºC.
- Watering: from the beginning of March to autumn is plentiful; in winter, the upper layer of the substrate should dry up to a quarter of the depth between waterings.
- Humidity: high, requires regular spraying of the leaves.
- Top dressing: in the period of growth and flowering - once in two weeks with mineral or organic fertilizers.
- Rest period: not clearly expressed, but from November to March all processes in the plant slow down.
- Transplantation: in the spring, before the start of active growth: young plants are transplanted annually, adults - once in 3 years.
- Substrate: neutral or slightly acidic (about 6 pH). Structure: 1 part of the sheet earth, 1 part humus and part of sand.
- Reproduction: seeds and cuttings.
- Pests: thrips, spider mites, mealybugs, scale insects, aphids and whiteflies.
- Diseases: with improper care - root rot, falling leaves.
Details about growing abutilona read below.
Abutilon - photo
Abutilon - video
Home care for abutilon
Lighting
Abutilon (indoor maple) at home with all its unpretentiousness most afraid of drafts. Otherwise, it is easy to grow it even for beginning flower growers: keep it in the light or in light shade, it will withstand a few hours of direct sun. In the summer, take to the air, providing protection from rain, wind and sudden changes in lighting, which can lead to the fact that the leaves and flowers fall off. In winter, arrange bright light for him, if necessary, using fluorescent lighting.
Temperature
Growing abutilon in room conditions requires the establishment of the correct temperature regime: in summer it is around 25 ° C, and in winter it is comfortable for a plant at 12-15 ° C, no less, otherwise Abutilon drops leaves.
Watering Abutilona
The plant needs abutilon watering abundant from the beginning of March until the autumn, it is desirable to regularly spray the leaves. In winter, give the soil to dry between watering, spray the plant with oil from time to time.
Feeding Abutilona
During the period of growth and flowering every two weeks, it is advisable to feed the room abutilon with organic and mineral fertilizers.
Abutilona trimming
Abutilon at home grows well in spring and summer, if you properly care for it, but in order to have a beautiful crown, it should be cut at half height at the very end of winter, and during the growth period it should be cleaned of weak and excess shoots without giving the shrub too thicken and tie to support.
Abutilona Transplant
Taking care of abutilon at home requires a transplant - it should be done in spring, before flowering: young plants - every year, mature - every 2-3, using a substrate with a weakly acidic or neutral reaction (pH about 6) from turf, leaf and humus soil (1/3 each) with the addition of sand. Just a couple of centimeters in diameter, the new pot should be larger than before, because the flower abutilon blooms well only when the roots in the pot are cramped. Abutilon grows well in hydroponics.
Seed Abutilon
Reproduction abutilona produce almost lignified cuttings or seeds. In early spring, seeds are sown in a substrate consisting of sand and peat, to a depth of 5 mm, daily sprinkling and airing. At a temperature of 16-20 ° C shoots appear in three weeks. When seed reproduction occurs the splitting of parental traits, therefore variegated varieties of abutilon seeds do not propagate.
Reproduction abutilona cuttings
Abutilon flower can be propagated in the spring by cuttings: cuttings are cut from the ends of young shoots into 10-12 cm long segments with three leaves, buds are removed and rooted in a constantly wet sandy-peat substrate or at 21 ° -23 ° C in water for four weeks . It is best to make a greenhouse. Rooted seedlings dive into a pot with a diameter of 7 cm. For reproduction, you can also use cuttings remaining after pruning.
Diseases and pests of abutilona
Abutilon drops buds and leaves. There are two reasons - the wrong temperature conditions (a sharp temperature drop) or incorrect watering (the plant lacks moisture, or vice versa - the excess water stagnates in the pot).
Abutilona leaves turn pale. Abutilon does not receive enough light. The plant must be rearranged to a bright place, but do not do it abruptly, expose the light first an hour or two, then more, gradually increasing the time. If the room is north and there is little light anywhere, additional lighting will be required (fluorescent lamps).
The leaves of abutilona dry tips. The humidity in the room is too low. It is advisable to spray Abutilon on hot days (without water on the flowers), and the humidity in a room with central heating in winter can be increased by placing a container with water next to the pot.
Lower leaves of abutilon fall. This indicates a lack of nutrients in the substrate. Need to feed the plant.
Abutilona pests. The most common pests are: thrips , spider mite , mealybug , shield , whitefly , aphid .
Types of Abutilona
Abutilon vine / Abutilon vitifolium
It is a shrub, reaching a height of 2.5 m, shoots are softly pubescent, leaves are large, green, velvety, 3-5 lobed, with a pronounced sawed edge, reaching 15 cm in length; flowers on long pedicels (up to about 15 cm) are clustered in clusters of 3-4, the corolla is wide-stem-shaped or wheel-shaped, almost round, the petals are lilac-blue, sometimes with dark veins, the flowering period is May.
Abutilon hybrid / Abutilon hybridum
The American hybrid of a motley abutilon (Abutilon pictum), also called abutilon striped (Abutilon striatum) or abutilon Darwin (Abutilon darwinii), has a lot of varieties. One and a half meter evergreen shrub with brown bark, 3-5 lobed green leaves with soft down, maple-like, on long petioles reaching 12 cm in length, flowers lowered, bell-shaped, up to 5 cm long, white, golden, red, dark red - depending on the variety.
Abutilon Darwin / Abutilon darwinii (hildenbrandii)
In the culture is rare. Fluffy, silky shoots reach no more than one meter and end with three-bladed large (15-20 cm long, and 8-10 cm wide) with lowered leaves on long petioles, at the bottom the leaves have 5-7 lobes, the middle one is elongated; flowers are bright orange with red veins, bell-shaped, up to 5 cm in diameter, formed in the axils of leaves of 1-3 pieces. Flowering period from April to September.
Abutilon megapotama (Amazonian) / Abutilon megapotmicum
It is also called by some Abutilon Amazonian , the British call Weeping Chinese Lantern or “weeping Chinese lantern”: up to 1.5 m high with thin, drooping shoots; oval leaves are elongated, sometimes unevenly toothed, richly green in color, up to 8 cm long; also single flowers that hang on rather long stalks with convex tubular ribs, usually bright red, delicate yellow petals with a red spot at the base. In good hands, blooms all year round.
Abutilon spotted (painted) / Abutilon pictum (striatum)
They call them striped (Abutilon striatum) or painted with abutilon. Abutilon painted - shrub with short, soft, almost woody shoots; leaves in the shape of a heart on long petioles consist of 3-6 serrated lobes, not hairy, green with torn white spots along the edges; flowers in the form of a bell, on long pedicels, are formed in the axils of the leaves, differ in golden-colored with red streaks coloring of the corolla, which is several times longer than the calyx. The flowering period is August-September.
The bush variety thompsonii vetch reaches 2 m in height; leaves are five-lobed, toothed, hairless, 10 cm long, with yellow spots on a dark green leaf base; large, up to 7 cm, flowers can be simple or double, light red or yellow, bloom in June.
Abutilon Sello / Abutilon sellowianum
Sometimes it is confused with an abutilon hybrid, but it is little branched, reaches a height of 2 m, its direct shoots are pubescent, the leaves are trichiopanopod with pointed elongated lobes; flowers are light purple with pink streaks, from July to mid-December there is a period of flowering.
Abutilon Marmoratum
Differs striped golden-pinnate leaves, because of its long graceful shoots grown as ampelnoy plant, but successfully used in winter gardens as a ground cover.
Abutilon variegata
Abutilon is often used in culture as an ampelous plant growing in hanging pots, but if it is attached to a support, it grows like a shrub. The most beautiful of the decorative ampeltic forms variegata .
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